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Bombus maxillosus

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Bombus maxillosus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Family: Apidae
Genus: Bombus
Subgenus: Psithyrus
Species:
B. maxillosus
Binomial name
Bombus maxillosus
Klug, 1817
Synonyms
  • Psithyrus maxillosus (Klug, 1817)[1]

Bombus maxillosus is a species of cuckoo bumblebee found in Austria, the Czech Republic, France, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, and Switzerland.[2] They have also been located in Zanjan where the DNA of these unlikely species are being collected and tested.[3] B. maxillosus is considered a rare species of the cuckoo bumblebee.[4] The B. maxillosus is an open field species and is also sometimes classified as a wood edge species.[5]

Pheromones

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The only known reports of the Bombus maxillosus came from Scandinavian populations. This species was then further studied in Czech Republic. Below is a chart from the marking pheromone study conducted by the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. It is reported that this is the first time B. maxillosus was studied and they found 62 compounds within the labial gland.[4]

Compounds Molecular weight DMDS fragments, m/z Median (%, N=4)
Aliphatic alcohols
Hexadecen-1-ola 240 Adduct not found <0.1
Hexadecan-1-ol 242 <0.1
Octadec-11-en-1-ol 268 145, 217, 362 14.2
Octadecan-1-ol 270 0.7
Icos-13-en-1-ol 296 145, 245, 390 4.7
Icos-11-en-1-ol 296 173, 217, 390 Trace
Docos-13-en-1-ol 324 173, 245 Trace
Aliphatic aldehydes
Octadec-11-enal 266 145, 215, 360 <0.1
Fatty acids
Decanoic acid 172 <0.1
Dodecanoic acid 200 0.9
Tetradecanoic acid 228 <0.1
Hexadecenoic acida 254 Adduct not found <0.1
Aliphatic esters
Methyl dodecanoate 214 <0.1
Octadec-11-enyl acetate 310 145, 259, 404 1.4
Icosen-11-yl acetate 338 173, 259 0.2
Octadecenyl dodecanoatea 450 Adduct not found 1.7
Octadecenyl tetradecenoatea 476 Adduct not found 0.3
1,3-Diacetyl-2-decanoylglycerol 330 1.7
1,3-Diacetyl-2-dodecanoylglycerol 358 24.7
1,3-Diacetyl-2-tetradecanoylglycerol 386 1.1
1,3-Diacetyl-2-tetradecenoylglycerola 384 Adduct not found 0.1
1,3-Diacetyl-2-hexadecenoylglycerola 412 Adduct not found <0.1
Isoprenoids
Citronellol 156 <0.1
Citronellyl acetate 198 0.1
Geranyl acetate 196 <0.1
Geranylacetone 194 0.1
Dihydrofarnesol 224 0.1
Farnesol 222 1.5
Farnesal 220 0.2
Dihydrofarnesyl acetate 266 0.5
Farnesyl acetate 264 25.1
Farnesyl butyrate 292 <0.1
Geranylcitronellol 292 5.7
Geranylgeranial 288 0.4
Geranylcitronellyl acetate 334 1.0
Geranylgeranyl acetate 332 0.5
Farnesyl decanoate 376 <0.1
Farnesyl dodecanoate 404 0.3
Hydrocarbons
Undecane 156 <0.1
Dodecane 170 <0.1
Tridecane 184 <0.1
Tetradecane 198 0.1
Pentadecane 212 <0.1
Hexadecane 226 0.1
Henicos-9-ene 294 173, 215 Trace
Henicosane 296 0.2
Tricos-7-ene 322 145, 271 Trace
Tricosane 324 3.9
Tetracosane 338 <0.1
Pentacos-9-ene 350 173, 271 0.2
Pentacos-7-ene 350 145, 299 <0.1
Pentacosane 352 1.0
Hexacosenea 364 Adduct not found <0.1
Hexacosane 366 <0.1
Heptacos-9-ene 378 173, 271 <0.1
Heptacos-7-ene 378 145, 327 0.6
Heptacosane 380 0.5
Nonacosenea 406 Adduct not found <0.1
Nonacosenea 406 Adduct not found <0.1
Nonacosane 408 <0.1
Hentriacontenea 434 Adduct not found <0.1

References

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  1. ^ "Bombus maxillosus Klug, 1817". Biolib.cz. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
  2. ^ "Bombus maxillosus Klug, 1817". Fauna Europaea. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
  3. ^ Asia, E (2014). "Bumblebee Conservator From the Chair Regional Coordinators". Bumblebee Conservator. 2: 1–24.
  4. ^ a b Urbanová, Klára; Halík, Jan; Hovorka, Oldřich; Kindl, Jiří; Valterová, Irena (2004-11-01). "Marking pheromones of the cuckoo bumblebee males (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Bombus Latreille): compositions of labial gland secretions of six species found in the Czech Republic". Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 32 (11): 1025–1045. doi:10.1016/j.bse.2004.02.010. ISSN 0305-1978.
  5. ^ Lecocq, T (2011). "Molecular and chemical characters to evaluate species status of two cuckoo bumblebees: Bombus barbutellus and Bombus maxillosus (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombini)" (PDF). Systematic Entomology. 36 (3): 453–469. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3113.2011.00576.x. S2CID 84403572.